Conclusion

It would appear that major defining features of an R9 Sceat are as follows (there are a couple of exceptions!).

On the Obverse  there is at least one horizontal forward pointing chevron behind the head, often with another one and an annulet. The head does not have a neck. Three combinations of Runes are cut, SPI, EPA and WES.

On the Reverse of the coins with EPA there is what resembles an “R8” combination of symbols. On the coins with SPI most have a Tufa above the Beaded Standard.

Please see the Corpus Information Charts and the Corpus Images for more details.

Bibliography

Abramson, T.          2012.            Sceatta List Including Stycas Simplified, Anglo-Saxon                                                                   Coinage.co.uk.

Gannon, A.             2010.            The Iconography of Early Anglo-Saxon Coinage                                                                          Oxford University Press.

Gannon, A.             2013.           Sylloge of Coins of the British Isles 63 British Museum                                                      Anglo-Saxon Coins 1, British Museum Press

Metcalf, D.M.          1994.          Thrymsas and Sceattas in the Ashmolean Museum,                                                      Oxford RNS Special Publication 27c (London)

Page, R.I.               1999.           An Introduction to English Runes, Boydell Press

Pollington, S.          2008.          Rudiments of Runelore, Anglo-Saxon Books